https://arstechnica.com/science/201...rose-complete-with-wires-and-supercapacitors/
Everything from solar power panels to everyday electronics relies on advanced materials and manufacturing processes. But some interesting things are also being made with some old-school tech: plants. Recently, researchers have demonstrated the ability to create electronic plants, or e-Plants, which made their own localized analog and digital circuits. These technologically savvy plants were produced using the existing plant vascular system, so first-generation models are limited by the nature of their leafy hosts.
Now, a team of researchers has developed a new method to produce e-Plants, in this case getting a rose (Rosa floribunda) to produce its own wiring and even supercapacitors.
Energy storage
To create a truly functional electronic plant, some type of energy storage is required. Luckily, a plants anatomy on its own provides a good structure that can be a template supercapacitor. Long-range conducting xylem wires that run in parallel can serve as separate electrodes physically isolated from one another by plant tissue, which acts as an electrolyte.
To test the energy storage capacity of the rose, two gold probes were attached as electrode contacts. When a current of 0.5 µA was charged and discharged, the supercapacitor was found to be stable over 500 cycles. They determined that the capacitance had a value of 73 µF and an equivalent series resistance of 33 kΩ. The maximum stored charge achieved in the experiments was 0.65 mC with a capacitance of 0.25 mF, which was found using a 1.7cm continuous wire. These energy storage capabilities are similar to those of devices used in everyday electronics. And remember: this is happening inside a rose.
Together, this investigation demonstrates the ability to leverage the natural plant physiology and structure to produce electronics. The next step might be to have the plants produce the polymer material itself, allowing wiring to form as it grows.